Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) - French Guiana (2004)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) z French Guiana (2004)

	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003)	French Guiana (2004)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (overseas department of France)
Age structure	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%	0-14 years: 29.6% (male 28,959; female 27,657) 15-64 years: 64.5% (male 66,388; female 57,020) 65 years and over: 5.9% (male 5,736; female 5,549) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products	corn, rice, manioc (tapioca), sugar, cocoa, vegetables, bananas; cattle, pigs, poultry
Airports	5 (2002)	11 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)	total: 4 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2002)	total: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 5 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands	total: 91,000 sq km land: 89,150 sq km water: 1,850 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Connecticut	slightly smaller than Indiana
Background	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.	First settled by the French in 1604, French Guiana was the site of notorious penal settlements until 1951. The European Space Agency launches its communication satellites from Kourou.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population	21 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)	revenues: $225 million expenditures: $390 million, including capital expenditures of $105 million (1996)
Capital	Stanley	Cayenne
Climate	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate	tropical; hot, humid; little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline	1,288 km	378 km
Constitution	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)	conventional long form: Department of Guiana conventional short form: French Guiana local long form: none local short form: Guyane
Currency	Falkland pound (FKP)	euro (EUR)
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	4.82 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$1.2 billion (1988)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina	overseas department of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (overseas department of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (overseas department of France)
Disputes - international	claimed by Argentina whose forces briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek settlement by force	Suriname claims area between Riviere Litani and Riviere Marouini (both headwaters of the Lawa)
Economic aid - recipient	none	NA (1995)
Economy - overview	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.	The economy is tied closely to the larger French economy through subsidies and imports. Besides the French space center at Kourou (which accounts for 25% of GDP), fishing and forestry are the most important economic activities. Forest and woodland cover 90% of the country. The large reserves of tropical hardwoods, not fully exploited, support an expanding sawmill industry that provides sawn logs for export. Cultivation of crops is limited to the coastal area, where the population is largely concentrated; rice and manioc are the major crops. French Guiana is heavily dependent on imports of food and energy. Unemployment is a serious problem, particularly among younger workers.
Electricity - consumption	15.19 million kWh (2001)	423.2 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	16.33 million kWh (2001)	455 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Bellevue de l'Inini 851 m
Environment - current issues	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster	NA
Ethnic groups	British	black or mulatto 66%, white 12%, East Indian, Chinese, Amerindian 12%, other 10%
Exchange rates	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.67 (2002), 0.69 (2001), 0.66 (2000), 0.62 (1999), 0.6 (1998); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound	Euros per US dollar - 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA) cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Ange MANCINI (since 31 July 2002) head of government: President of the General Council Joseph HO-TEN-YOU (since 26 March 2001); President of the Regional Council Antoine KARAM (since 22 March 1992) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; presidents of the General and Regional Councils are appointed by the members of those councils
Exports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	wool, hides, meat	shrimp, timber, gold, rum, rosewood essence, clothing
Exports - partners	Spain 76.2%, UK 9.2%, US 7.1% (2002)	France 62%, Switzerland 7%, US 2% (2001)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT	the flag of France is used
GDP	purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $1.551 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $8,300 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	NA
Geographic coordinates	51 45 S, 59 00 W	4 00 N, 53 00 W
Geography - note	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season	mostly an unsettled wilderness; the only non-independent portion of the South American continent
Highways	total: 440 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 390 km (2002)	total: 722 km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs	-	small amount of marijuana grown for local consumption; minor transshipment point to Europe
Imports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing	food (grains, processed meat), machinery and transport equipment, fuels and chemicals
Imports - partners	UK 57.9%, Spain 19.8%, Italy 16.7% (2002)	France 63%, US, Trinidad and Tobago, Italy (2002 est.)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (overseas department of France)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA
Industries	fish and wool processing; tourism	construction, shrimp processing, forestry products, rum, gold mining
Infant mortality rate	total: NA% male: NA% female: NA%	total: 12.46 deaths/1,000 live births male: 13.3 deaths/1,000 live births female: 11.58 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.6% (1998)	1.5% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	ICFTU	UPU, WCL, WFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	2 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	20 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction	Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel (highest local court based in Martinique with jurisdiction over Martinique, Guadeloupe, and French Guiana)
Labor force	1,100 (est.)	58,800 (1997)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing)	agriculture 18.2%, industry 21.2%, services, government, and commerce 60.6% (1980)
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 1,183 km border countries: Brazil 673 km, Suriname 510 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (1998 est.)	arable land: 0.14% permanent crops: 0.05% other: 99.81% (90% forest, 10% other) (2001)
Languages	English	French
Legal system	English common law	French legal system
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council or Conseil Regional (31 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: General Council - last held NA March 2000 (next to be held NA 2006); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PSG 5, various left-wing parties 5, independents 7, other 2; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - PS 28.28%, various left parties 22.56%, RPR 15.91%, independents 8.6%, Walwari Committee 6%; seats by party - PS 11, various left parties 9, RPR 6, independents 3, Walwari Committee 2 note: one seat was elected to the French Senate on 27 September 1998 (next to be held NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; 2 seats were elected to the French National Assembly on 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP/RPR 1, Walwari Committee 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years	total population: 76.89 years male: 73.57 years female: 80.38 years (2004 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 83% male: 84% female: 82% (1982 est.)
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina	Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Brazil and Suriname
Map references	South America	South America
Maritime claims	continental shelf: 200 NM exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	British Forces Falkland Islands no regular indigenous military forces; (includes Army, Royal Air Force, and Royal Navy), Police Force	no regular military forces; Gendarmerie
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$NA	NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA%	NA
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 52,294 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 33,914 (2004 est.)
National holiday	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island	noun: French Guianese (singular and plural) adjective: French Guianese
Natural hazards	strong winds persist throughout the year	high frequency of heavy showers and severe thunderstorms; flooding
Natural resources	fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss	bauxite, timber, gold (widely scattered), petroleum, kaolin, fish, niobium, tantalum, clay
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population	6.27 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders	none; all independents	Guyanese Democratic Action or ADG [Andre LECANTE]; Guyanese Socialist Party or PSG [Marie-Claude VERDAN]; Guyana Democratic Forces or FDG [Georges OTHILY]; Popular National Guyanese Party or PNPG [Jose DORCY]; Socialist Party or PS [Paul DEBRIETTE]; Union for a Popular Movement or UMP [Muriel ICARE]; Walwari Committee (aligned with the PRG in France) [Christine TAUBIRA-DELANON]
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	NA
Population	2,967 (July 2003 est.)	191,309 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA
Population growth rate	2.44% (2003 est.)	2.25% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors	Stanley note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988	Cayenne, Degrad des Cannes, Saint-Laurent du Maroni
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 2, FM 14 (including 6 repeaters), shortwave 6 (including 5 repeaters) (1998)
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist	Roman Catholic
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.16 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.03 male(s)/female total population: 1.12 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries	general assessment: NA domestic: fair open-wire and microwave radio relay system international: country code - 594; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	51,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	138,200 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service) note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)	3 (plus eight low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains	low-lying coastal plains rising to hills and small mountains
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	3.05 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate	full employment; labor shortage	22% (2001)
Waterways	none	3,760 km note: 460 km navigable by small oceangoing vessels and coastal and river steamers, 3,300 km by native craft (2004)

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